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2.宾语从句的关联词包括 a. ___________引导陈述句,没有实际意义,可省略;
b. ______________/_____________引导一般疑问句,表示“是否”;
c. ___________/___________/____________等引导特殊疑问句。
3.宾语从句的语序是____________语序,即“引导 +___________+____________+其他”。
4.如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括___________, _____________和___________),那么宾语从句的时态可依据实际情况来定。
5. 若宾语从句的时态是过去的某一时态(包括__________和 ____________),那么宾语从句一定转换成过去的某种时态。
一般现在(do/does) →_一般过去时 _( did );
一般将来 (will do ) → __过去将来__ ( would do );
现在进行(am/is/are doing)→___过去进行____(was/were doing)
一般过去(did) → __过去完成______(had done)
现在完成(have/has done)→ __过去完成____(had done)
6. 如果宾语从句表示客观事实或真理,即使主句是过去时态的句子,从句也用一般现在时态。
注意:
1.在陈述一件事实或真理时, 无须将宾语从句改为过去时。
e.g. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.
2. 在由could, would引导的主句中, 从句一般要用现在时。因为could, would经常表示礼貌或 婉转的语气, 而不是过去时。
e.g. Could you please tell me where the bank is?
3. 当从句的疑问词做主语时,语序无需改变。
e.g. Do you know who invented the light bulb?
The policeman asks what happened /what was wrong just now?
三、合作探究学习。独立将下列句子变为宾语从句,完成后同桌讨论答案。
1. He will be back in an hour. I hear/ heard.
I hear __________ he ___________ be back in an hour.
I heard_________ he ___________ be back in an hour.
2. Do they miss us very much? She asks/ asked.
She asks ___________ they ___________ us very much.
She asked _____________ they ___________ us very much.
3. The earth travels round the sun. The teacher told us.
The teacher told/tells us ___________ the earth__________ round the sun.
4 .How can we call it in English? Do you know?/ Did you know?