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Step 1 Warm-up 宾语——宾语从句
1. 概念:
辨析:I know her name . S + V + O .
I know what her name is . S + V + O(Object -clause) .
宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主句是主体,从句从属于主句,不能独立。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。宾语从句与主句之间需用连接词(成为宾语从句的引导词)来连接,其语序是陈述句语序。
2. 宾语从句顺口溜展示学习目标:八项
Step2. Presentation
一、 Introduced by that
e.g. He says that he wants to speak to the headmaster.
I’m sorry (that) he isn’t here right now.
Note:
1. that 的省略:that 引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实,that本身无词义,在从句中不作任何成分,在口语中或非正式文体中常常可被省略。
e.g. I guess (that) somebody else has borrowed it.
I’m afraid (that) you’ll have to wait.
2. 宾语从句的否定转移:
主句是I/We think/suppose/guess/believe等时,从句中的否定习惯上要转移到 主句中。
如:我认为鸡不会游泳。
误:I think chickens can not swim.
正:I don’t think chickens can swim.
二、 Introduced by if/whether
e.g. She asked me if/whether I could help her with her English.
I don’t know if/whether it is going to rain.
三、 Introduced by relative pronouns and adverbs(连接代词和连接副词)
A:宾语从句可由连接代词what, who, whom, which等引导,它们在宾语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语等,因此不能省略。
Do you know who will come this afternoon? (作主语)
Did you hear what he said? (作宾语)
I don’t know whose that is. (作表语)
Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? (作gate的定语)
B: 宾语从句可由连接副词when, where, how, why等引导,它们在宾语从句中作状语,不可省略。
We didn’t know when she would come back.