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必修4《Grammar》公开课教案优质课下载
2) has /have been done 现在完成时
3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时
4) was/were done 一般过去时
5) had been done 过去完成时
6) was/were being done 过去进行时
7) shall/will be done 一般将来时
8) should/would be done 过去将来时
9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)
10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时(少用)
2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主语,其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
3. 非谓语动词的被动语态
v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态) 。
例I don't like being laughed at in the public.
二、 如何使用被动语态
学习被动语态时,不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构,还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。
1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者 (这时可省 by 短语)。
例 My bike was stolen last night.