模块一 Module I Teenage experiences《Grammar and usage(1)： Non-restrictive attributive clauses》集体备课教案优质课

模块一 Module I Teenage experiences《Grammar and usage(1)： Non-restrictive attributive clauses》集体备课教案优质课下载

Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn't be taken away.

3.为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使用被动语态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动语态，使句子得以更好的安排。 如： Electricity is used to run machines.

The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month.

B. 被动语态的构成

1. be + done 可以是被动语态，也可以是系表结构形式。被动语态中，done可以带by短语，而系表结构中done相当于adj. 不带 by短语。

如： The question is settled. The composition is well written. (系表)

Such questions are settled by us. (被动) The composition is written with great care . (被动)

2. 许多verbs (broken, interested, shut, worried), 既可以用做表语.也可以在被动语态结构中做过去分词。句中如果有by，通常是被动语态。如：

①I was worried about you all night. (表状态) I was worried by mosquitoes all night. (表动作)

②The glass was broken by Jack. (表动作) The glass is broken. (表状态)

C. 不同形式的被动语态

1. 含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动结构，变为被动时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动(一般将主动结构的间接宾语变为被动的主语)：

He showed me his pictures. ---> I was shown his pictures by him.

His pictures were shown to me by him.

Aunt made me a new dress. --> I was made a new dress by aunt.

A new dress was made for me by aunt.

He sent me a birthday present. I was sent a birthday present by him.

2含有复合宾语的主动句，宾补不变。

(1) 将宾语变为主语，宾补不变。 He left the door open. The door war left open by him.

（2） make, let, have, hear, watch, see, feel, notice. Help等动词后变做宾补的不定式一般不加to，变为被动，必须加to.

如：My brother often made me do this and that when I was young.

I was often made to do this and that by my brother when I young.

I heard her move about in her room upstairs last night.

She was heard to move about in her room upstairs last night.

Did you see Jack take away the magazine?