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教学用具:多媒体
教学过程
Step1 Free talk
How long have you been at this school?
How have you changed?How your life has changed?
Step2 Presentation
现在完成时的构成:助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词;
现在完成时的肯定句、否定句及一般疑问句﹨特殊疑问句的基本句型;
现在完成时的主要用法;
(1)表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already, never, ever, just, yet, before, 等连用,也可以和包括在内的时间状语如:these days, this year , so far等连.例如:Are you free?
--I have finished my homework. I am free(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)
(2)表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,还有可能继续持续下去。可以表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括‘ 现在 ’在内)的一段时间状语连用。(for+表示一段时间的词组;since+表示过去某一时刻的词或词组)谓语只可用延续性动词。如:I have learnt English for more than ten years. She has swum since half an hour ago.
Step3 Revision
现在完成时注意三个分清
分清短暂性动词和延续性动词
常见的短暂性动词有:①become, ②begin, ③buy, ④borrow,
⑤come (go, arrive), ⑥die, ⑦finish, ⑧join, ⑨ leave, 等。
常见的延续性动词有:be, work, study, learn, talk, walk, ,wait teach, live, have, keep
短暂性变延续性最常见的有:become →be, begin→ have ,
borrow → keep, buy → have, come (go, arrive, get) →be here/there/in…, die→ be dead, finish→ be over, join→ be in …(be a member of … ) leave→ be away ( from…),
分清have ( has) been to 去过某地,人已回来。have (has) gone to 去了某地,但人在外地。have (has) been in/at多长时间了,人仍在那地方,还未走。
分清与一般过去时的用法
现在完成时属于现在时态的范围不能和表示具体的过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday(昨天), the day before yesterday(前天),just now(刚才),时间+ ago, last +时间 等; 而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生关系。
Step4 Exercises
看你行不行(尝试做中考题)
1. My parents got their new jobs in Laibin. We _____ here for two years.(2016年来宾市中考题第39小题)
A. liveB. livedC. will liveD. have lived
Have you ever been to America?
---No, I have _____been there. (2016贵港中考题第34小题)
A. often B. never C. usually D sometimes