《Appendix V：The Past Perfect Tense 》公开课优秀教案下载（八年级下册）

《Appendix V：The Past Perfect Tense 》公开课优秀教案教学设计（八年级下册）

　　 She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning.

三、句式：它的否定句是在had后边加not，变一般疑问句是把had提前。

肯定答语：Yes, 主语+had 否定答语：No，主语+hadn’t

e.g. I had reached the station before 9:00 o'clock.

I had not reached the station before 9:00 o'clock.

Had you reached the station before 9:00 o'clock?

Yes, I had. No, I hadn’t.

四、用法：　

　1. 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。如： When I woke up, it had stopped raining. 我醒来时，雨已经停了。（主句的动作发生在“过去的过去”）

2. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。如： He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 发生在 told 之前 )

3. 过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。此时多与 already ， yet ， still ， just ， before ， never 等时间副词及 by ， before ， until 等引导的短语或从句连用。如：

Before she came to China, Grace had taught English in a middle school for about five years.　

　 Peter had collected more than 300 Chinese stamps by the time he was ten.

4. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。如：

By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years.

（ had worked 已有了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能）

五、过去完成时的判断依据

1. 由时间状语来判定

一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：

（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。

如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.

（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。

如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.

（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。

如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.