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I have some photos that I took in Australia last year.
I have some photos that were taken in Australia.
that在从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语是可以省略）。
Attributive clause
引导词
先行词
定语从句一般要放在先行词之后。因
此，定语从句在句中的位置随其先行
词位置的变化而变化。如：
Have you seen the photos that I took
on my trip?
The photo that I took on my trip are
on the desk.
that引导的定语从句可以修饰
无生命的东西
有生命的动物或人
{
如：
What’s the name of the animal that
jumps about?
Who is the girl that talked to you
yesterday?
主语，宾语（who/whom）
人
who
主语，宾语
无生命
which
句中做的成分
修饰的词