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e.g. I have already read this book many times.
概念
构成
1 现在完成时的肯定句
主语(非三单) +have +过去分词 主语(第三人称单数) +has
They have had their lunch.
2 现在完成时的否定句
主语+have/has+not+过去分词+……
He has not had his lunch.
3现在完成时的一般疑问句
Have/Has+主语+过去分词+….
Have you finished the work?
Has she arrived here?
4现在完成时的特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+…….
How many times have you been to the Great Wall?
How long have you known each other?
What have you finished recently?
Yes, … have/has.
No, … haven’t/hasn’t.
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别:
现在完成时,强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响,与现在有关。 一般过去时,仅仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作,与现在无关。
他已学英语五年了。
He has studied English for five years.
(他学英语从过去持续到现在已经5年,并可能还继续学下去)
他曾学过五年英语。
He studied English for five years.
(只说明他过去学过五年英语,但现在不学了。)
一般过去时与现在完成时有一些明显的时间状语。
遇到yesterday, Last year, in May, in+过去某一年,two days ago, the other day, just now等就用一般过去时