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人教2003课标版《Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading、Comprehending》精品PPT课件优质课下载
Indian Ocean
Arctic Ocean
What is a navigator?
What is the difference between a navigator and an explorer?
A navigator explores new routes across the sea.
A navigator explores the sea; an explorer discovers new places on land.
Zheng He
Is he a navigator or an explorer ?
He made seven voyages during his lifetime and contributed greatly to the science of navigation in China.
Zhangqian ,a diplomat and explorer of
China's Han Dynasty, made great
contributions to the Silk Road.
He (1451–1506) was a Spanish sailor. He made four voyages. People consider him to have discovered America first.
Columbus
He (1254-1324) was born in Venice. He is probably the most famous Westerner to travel the Silk Road. He reached further than any of his predecessors(前辈).
Marco Polo
Today, it was easy to work out latitude and longitude of a ship.
There are all kinds of modern technologies.
compass
astrolabe(星盘)
sextant(六分仪)
sea/nautical chart
early navigational instruments seamen used
Read about what navigation was like before modern instruments were used.
Skimming