八年级下册（2013年10月第1版）《Section A Grammar focus 4a—4c》集体备课PPT课件下载-抚顺市优质课

e.g. –Have you had your lunch yet?

–Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. (现在

我不饿了。)

2. 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。

e.g. I haven’t seen her these days.

I’ve known Bob for three years.

I’ve been at this school for over

two years.

时间状语

already, yet, just, ever, never, before

构成

现在完成时是由“助动词have / has+ 动词的过去分词”构成的，规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需逐个记忆。

动词的过去式的变化和过去分词的变化并不完全相同。我们对它们作了一个大致的分类。 (注：例子中单词的变化顺序为：动词原形 → 动词的过去式? → 动词的过去分词)

一、过去式和过去分词的变化相同

规则变化：

1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：

pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed

2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如：like → liked → liked; hope → hoped → hoped; phone → phoned → phoned

3. 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。如：

study → studied → studied; hurry → hurried → hurried; reply → replied → replied

4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop → stopped → stopped; clap → clapped → clapped

不规则变化：

5. 以不变应万变。如：

let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read

6. 若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。如：

feel → felt → felt; keep → kept → kept; sleep → slept → slept

7. 结尾的字母d变t。如：

lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send → sent → sent

8. 变为以-ought或-aught结尾。如：

buy → bought → bought; bring → brought → brought; catch → caught → caught; teach → taught → taught