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She thinks it’s fantastic.
—你决定要写哪本书了吗?
—是的,决定了。
我已经看完了。书真的很好。
—Have you decided which book to write about yet?
—Yes, I have.
I’ve already finished reading it. It was really good.
用法:(P110)
1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作
对现在造成的影响或结果。
e.g. –Have you had your lunch yet?
–Yes, I have. I’ve just had it.
(现在我不饿了。)
2. 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在,而且可能还要继续下去。
e.g. I haven’t seen her these days.
I’ve known Bob for three years.
I’ve been at this school since two years ago.
时间状语:
already, yet, just, ever, never, before,for+段时间,since+点时间
现在完成时的构成:
构成:
现在完成时是由“助动词have / has+ 动词的过去分词”构成的,规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同(如一般的+ed),不规则动词的过去分词则需逐个记忆。P136
动词的过去式的变化和过去分词的变化并不完全相同。我们对它们作了一个大致的分类。 (注:例子中单词的变化顺序为:动词原形 → 动词的过去式? → 动词的过去分词)
过去式和过去分词的变化相同
规则变化:
1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如:
pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed
2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如:like → liked → liked; hope → hoped → hoped; phone → phoned → phoned
3. 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed。如:
study → studied → studied; hurry → hurried → hurried; reply → replied → replied