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２.否定句：主语＋have/has+not+过去分词＋其他成分。
3.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语＋过去分词＋其他成分？
4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have/has＋其他成分？
5.反意疑问句：借助于助动词have/has来完成反意疑问句。
例如：They have lived that village for ten years, haven’t they ?
Li Lei has never read this book, has he ?
四、正确运用have/has been to, have/has gone to,和have/has been in 三种结构。
１. have/has been to表示“过去曾去过某地”，但现在已经回来了。
２. have/has gone to表示“已去了某地”，现在还没有回来。
３. have/has been in 表示“已在某地（呆了多久）”，如果是小地方用at代替in。
四、中考考点：
考点一：考查基本概念
例如： Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ____what's happened to him .
Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known
Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know
简析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是Ｂ。
考点二：考查时间状语 例1. He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still 例2. Have you met Mr Li ______？ Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago 例3. The famous writer ____ one new book in the past two year . Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
例4.—Our country ______ a lot so far .
—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .
Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good
Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better
例5. Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .
Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study
Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying
例6. We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .
Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew
例7. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice .
Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see
_B_