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eg,Who is the person that is teaching you English? (作主语)
The picture that we are looking for was drawn by a fifteen-year-old student.(作宾语,可省略)
Who,whom的用法:
二者都用于指人。Who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语,whom 在定语从句中作宾语。
eg, He didn’t become a person who/that his father wanted him to be.(作表语)
He is the man who/that lives next door.(作主语)
I happened to meet the professor who/whom/that I got to know at a party.(作宾语,可省略)
I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards.(作宾语,不可用who代替)
Which 的用法:
Which 一般指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语。作宾语的关系代词which可以省略(放在介词后除外)。
Eg,The river which/that runs through the centre of the city brings us a lots of pleasure.
(作主语)
This is the book which/that you are looking for.(作宾语,可省略)
I will never forget the time in which we stayed together.(作宾语)
Whose 的用法:
Whose 一般指人,但有时也指物,在定语从句中作定语。
eg,He is the man whose car was stolen last night.(作定语)
Please pass me the book whose cover is green.(作定语)
2,常见的关系副词
关系副词在定语从句中作状语,一般不可省略
Where 的用法:
Where 指地点,在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有place, factory,street, house, room, city, town,country 等。此时常用 form which,in which 等代替。
Eg,This is the city where I have worked for 20 years.
= This is the city in which I have worked for 20 years.
When 的用法:
When指时间,在从句中中作时间状语。他的先行词通常为 time,day,morning,night,week,year等。此时常可用in which, on which, at which, to which 等结构代替。
Eg,I shall never forget the days when we worked on the farm.
=I shall never forget the days on which we worked on the farm
Why 的用法:
Why 指原因或理由,在定语从句中作原因状语,它的先行词通常为 reason。