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一变 宾变主 主变by宾
二套 套时态 主被动时态一致
三注意 注意因人称变化而引起的主谓一致问题 以及代词主宾格变化问题
语 法 点 击
一般过去时的被动语态
1. 概念: 一般过去时的被动语态表示主语是过去某个动作的承受者。
2. 构成:主语+was/were+动词的过去分词。
Some new bikes were stolen last night.
昨天晚上有几辆新自行车被盗了。
They looked after the little cat yesterday.
主
谓
宾(受动者)
The little cat
was looked after
by
them
yesterday .
被动语态中的特殊情况
1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时,在变为被动语态时,仍然要带上介词。
e.g. They looked after the new students in the school.
被动句:The new students were looked after by them in the school.
2.当动词(see,hear,make,notice等)带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且
宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时,在被动语态中应加上“to”
e.g. I saw him walk to school.
被动句:He was seen to walk to school by me
这些动词真奇怪,主动句中to 离开,被动句中to回 来。( let ,have ,make,feel,see ,watch, hear,notice…)
3.当动词带双宾语时(直接、间接宾语),将间接宾语提前作被动句的主语时,另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来;如是将直接宾语提前作被动句的主语,在被动句中则间接宾语前应加“to”或“for” 。
e.g. My mother bought me a computer.
被动1 I was bought a computer by my mother .