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牛津译林版(2019)必修一《Unit 1 Back to school 》Grammar and usage优秀教学课件
句子成分
句子是表达思想的基本单位,主要的句子成分(sentence elements)有主语(S)、谓语(V)、 宾语(O)、补语(C)、状语(A)、表语(P)、定语(Attr.)等。具体如下:
1 主语(subject):指句子所谈论的主体。
如: The teacher gave a speech.
Beijing is the capital of China.
2 谓语(verb):谓语又称为“谓词”,指谓语部分的主要动词,通常说明主语所做的动作 或主语的特征和状态。如: Many students join school clubs.
The weather is nice.
3 宾语(object):通常指动作的对象。有的动词后面可以接两个宾语,通常把其中表 示人的宾语称为间接宾语(indirect object),把表示物的宾语称为直接宾语(direct object)。
如: We should develop good study habits.
Jack offered me some helpful advice.
4 补语(complement):补语分为主语补语(subject complement)和宾语补语(object complement),用来补充说明主语或宾语的特征或情况。
如: He is made chairman of the club.
Listening to music makes me relaxed.
5 状语(adverbial):修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。如: Maggie plans her study carefully. Clearly, talking to him is a mistake.
6 表语(predicative):指连系动词后面的成分,通常说明主语的身份、特征和状态。常 见的连系动词有 be、become、feel、get、look、seem 等。
如: It’s a lovely day.
I feel happy.
7 定语(attributive):修饰名词或代词。
如: I went to a large library yesterday.
He doesn’t have anything to do at the moment.