can't wait to do sth、“It＋be＋adj.＋that/wh­...”句型等重点句型详解

can't wait to do sth、“It＋be＋adj.＋that/wh­...”句型等重点句型详解知识点包括can't wait to do sth、“It＋be＋adj.＋that/wh­...”句型、现在分词作状语、until 的具体用法、which引导的非限制性定语从句、when的用法、while的用法等部分，有关can't wait to do sth、“It＋be＋adj.＋that/wh­...”句型等重点句型详解的详情如下：

can't wait to do sth

can't wait to do sth.相当于can hardly wait for sth./to do sth.，表示“迫不及待要做某事”。

We can't wait to get started.我们迫不及待地想开始。

As for me，I can't wait to get back on the court to continue doing what I love to do.

对于我来说，我迫不及待地想回到球场继续着我所热爱的运动。

—What did your parents buy you for your birthday?

——你父母给你买了什么生日礼物呢？

—I don't know.I can hardly wait to see it.

——我不知道。我迫不及待地想看一看。

“It＋be＋adj.＋that/wh­...”句型

It's amazing that there are more than 8，000 statues，and no one in modern times knew about them until the 1970s.

令人惊奇的是，这里有8 000多座雕像，而在现代，直到20世纪70年代才有人知道它们。

(1)It's amazing that there are more than 8,000 statues是一个主语从句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that there are more than 8,000 statues。

(2)该句属于“It＋be＋adj.＋that/wh­...”句型，其中 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是 that/wh­引导的从句。

It is certain that William will do very well in his exam.

威廉肯定会考得很好。

[思维拓展]

it 作形式主语的其他常见句型：

until 的具体用法

①作介词的用法：

I slept until midnight.

我一直睡到半夜。

I didn't go to bed until 11 pm last night.

昨晚，直到11点我才去睡觉。

②作连词的用法：

Wait until I call you.

在我给你打电话之前你要一直等着。

Don't get off the bus until it has stopped.

公共汽车停了再下车。

③强调 until 构成的时间状语(从句)的用法：

a．将 not until 置于句首：此时句子/主句部分倒装，not 为句子/主句中的否定副词。如：

Not until he came back did we go.

直到他回来我们才走。

b．not until 强调句式：“It is/was not until...that...”，其中 not 为句子/主句中的否定副词。如：

It was not until he came back that we went.

直到他回来我们才走。

现在分词作状语

We're taking the train，leaving the day before the October holiday begins.

我们将在十月假期开始的前一天乘火车离开。

(1)本句是主从复合句。主句是We're taking the train；leaving the day before the October holiday begins是现在分词短语，在句中作状语；before the October holiday begins是before引导的时间状语从句。

(2)We're taking the train属于现在进行时，表示位置转移的瞬间动词如 come, go, arrive, leave, start, return, stay 等可用进行时表示将来的动作：用现在进行时表示一般将来时；用过去进行时表示过去将来时。这些动词的进行时后不能再接具体的时间。

The train is arriving soon.

火车就要进站了。

[思维拓展]

英语中 come, go, leave, arrive, fly, return, start, begin, open, close, take off 等常用一般现在时表示按规定或时刻表将要发生的动作。如：

The plane takes off at seven and arrives in Beijing at ten.

飞机七点起飞，十点到达北京。

(3)现在分词短语leaving the day...在句中作伴随状语。现在分词作伴随状语时表示分词动作伴随谓语动作发生。

总结：现在分词作状语的用法透视：

①现在分词可作时间、伴随、条件、方式、原因、结果等状语，其中作时间、条件、原因、结果状语时可转化成相应的状语从句，而作伴随和方式状语时只能转化成并列分句。

He is lying on the grass listening to music.

＝He is lying on the grass and he is listening to music.

他正躺在草地上，听着音乐。(伴随状语)

Walking in the street (＝When/While I was walking in the street), I saw him.

我在街上走时看到了他。(时间状语)

Being spring (＝As/Since it is spring), the flowers are in full bloom.

春天到了，百花盛开。(原因状语)

②现在分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致，且 doing 表示 do 与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系；being done 表示 do 与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系；若分词动作发生在谓语动作之前，则用完成式 having done；若表示被动和完成，则用 having been done。如：

Being surrounded, the enemy was forced to surrender.

敌人被包围了，被迫投降。

Having failed many times, he didn't lose heart.

尽管失败了很多次，但他没有灰心。

which引导的非限制性定语从句

The statues fill only one part of the emperor's huge tomb，which still has not been completely unearthed.

这些雕像只填满了秦始皇巨大陵墓的一部分，这个陵墓至今尚未完全出土。

(1)这是一个主从复合句。主句是The statues fill only one part of the emperor's huge tomb；which still has not been completely unearthed是which引导的非限制性定语从句，关系代词which指代先行词tomb，并在定语从句中作主语。

(2)which引导的非限制性定语从句

关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。

①which 代替一个词

The government, which promises to cut taxes, will be popular.

承诺减税的政府将广受欢迎。

He is an excellent student in all subjects except for math, which is his shortcoming.

他是个除数学之外各科优秀的优等生，数学是他的短处。

②which 代替一个短语

Every soldier was wearing earplugs, which made conversation difficult.

每位士兵都戴着耳塞，这使交流变得困难起来。

They accused him of treating his mother badly, which of course he denied.

他们指责他虐待母亲，当然，他对此断然否认。

③which 代替一个句子

He got married again a year later, which surprised everybody.

他一年后又结婚了，这使大家都很吃惊。

It was built in a year, which seems absolutely unbelievable.

它在一年内就建成了，这简直难以置信。

He began to try to sit up, which showed us that the effects of the drug were wearing off.

他开始努力坐起身来，这向我们表明药力正在消退。

when的用法

However，no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974，when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well.

然而，直到1974年，一些农民在挖井时发现了这座陵墓，现代才有人知道这座古墓和兵马俑。

(1)这是一个主从复合句。主句是no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974；when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well是when引导的定语从句，其中又包含了while they were digging a well这个时间状语从句。

(2)when可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句，此时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如day，time，year等；when相当于“相应的介词in/during/at/on等＋which”。

I still remember the day when(＝on which) I first went to college.

我仍然记得我上大学的那一天。(when在从句中作时间状语)

It happened ten years ago，when I was a child.

事情发生在10年前，当时我还是个小孩。(when在从句中作时间状语)

I'll always remember the days which/that we spent together.

我永远记得我们一起度过的日子。(which/that在从句中作宾语，可省略)

while的用法

①while作为并列连词，意思为“而，然而”，表前后意义上的对比或转折。

There's plenty of rain in the southeast, while there's little in the northeast.

东南部雨量充足，而西北部则很少下雨。

Some people waste food while others haven't enough.

有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。

②while引导状语从句，有以下两种含义：

a．表示某个动作正在进行的同时，另一动作也在进行之中，这时主从句都用进行时态，有对同类的两个动作进行对比的意味。如：

While I was playing the piano, she was dancing.

我在弹钢琴，她在跳舞。

While Jim is picking apples, Kate is carrying apples to the truck.

吉姆正在摘苹果，凯特正在把苹果搬到卡车上去。

b．表示某个动作正在进行时，又发生了另一动作(该动作用一般过去时)。如：

While I was reading, I fell asleep.

我读着读着就睡着了。

While we were swimming in the river, we saw a fish jump out of the water.

我们在河中游泳时，看见一条鱼跃出了水面。

③while还有以下几种常见用法：

a．只要(＝as long as)

There will be life while there is water and air.

只要有空气和水，就会有生命。

b．而；然而〔表示对比〕

He is a driver while I'm a teacher.

他是司机，而我是老师。

c．虽然(＝although)；尽管〔表示让步〕

While I see what you say, I can't agree with you.

虽然我能理解你说的话，但是我不能同意你。

d．用作名词，表示“一会儿或一段时间”，常与a, the或this等连用。如：

Just wait a while and then I will help you.

等一下，我会来帮你的。

Where have you been all this while?

这一阵子你一直都在哪儿？

④while所引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词只能是延续性动词。如：

While she was listening to the radio, she fell asleep.

她听着收音机睡着了。