exchange、design、anxious等重点单词详解

exchange、design、anxious等重点单词详解知识点包括exchange、design、anxious、annoy、frightened、senior、impression、awkward、junior、explore、confident等部分，有关exchange、design、anxious等重点单词详解的详情如下：

exchange

[典型例句]

He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.

他给我一个苹果，换得我一块蛋糕。

The two teams exchanged presents before the game.

两队在开赛前交换礼品。

Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds?

我到哪儿将美元兑换成英镑？

[思维拓展]

exchange sth. for sth.用……来交换……

exchange sth. with sb.与某人交换某物

in exchange for交换

exchange student(两国间)交换的留学生

make an exchange交换

“用A代替B”的表达方式：

exchange B for A

replace B with A

substitute A for B

substitute B with/by A

design n.设计；设计方案 vt.设计；筹划

[典型例句]

These books are primarily designed for the use of beginners.

这些书主要是供初学的人使用的。

She attended a school of dress design.

她就读于一所服装设计学校。

[思维拓展]

design sb./sth. to do打算让……从事……

design sb./sth. for打算让……用作某种目的

be designed for/to do sth.计划做某事；打算用来做某事

by design＝on purpose故意地；蓄意地

designer n．设计者

anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的

[典型例句]

He seemed anxious about the meeting.

他似乎对这次会议忧心忡忡。

She was anxious to finish school and get a job.

她渴望毕业找一份工作。

Mary has been anxious for your return.

玛丽急切地盼你回来。

[思维拓展]

be anxious about为某事忧虑、担心

be anxious for渴望某事

be anxious to do渴望……，急于……

be anxious (for sb.) to do...渴望(某人)做……

be anxious that渴望……

anxiety n．焦虑；担心；渴望

[易混辨析]

anxious/eager

(1)anxious 强调“担心”或“焦虑”，对结果感到不安。

(2)eager 强调“对成功的期望”或“进取的热情”，含有积极向上的意思。

annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰

[典型例句]

These flies are annoying me.

这些苍蝇使我烦恼。

Don't annoy your neighbors by singing loudly at night.

夜晚不要大声唱歌，以免打扰邻居。

[思维拓展]

annoyance n．恼怒，烦恼，烦扰，不高兴；烦恼的事情

annoying adj.使人不高兴的，恼人的，烦人的

annoyed adj.颇为生气的

[易混辨析]

annoy与bother的区别：

(1)annoy指由于干扰，不顺利或被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的“烦恼，恼怒”。如：

I hope you won't be annoyed by my questions.

我希望我所有的这些问题不会使你烦恼。

(2)bother指不停地“扰乱”“麻烦”，使人不能安宁而产生烦恼的心理。如：

Pardon me for bothering you with such a small matter.

请原谅我为这件小事麻烦你。

frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的

[典型例句]

Although she was frightened, she answered in a calm voice.

尽管她很害怕，但她还是用着平静的声音回答。

Frightened(＝Because she was frightened), she asked me to go with her.

由于害怕，她要我跟她一起去。

[思维拓展]

frighten vt.吓唬；使惊吓

frightening adj.令人恐惧的

be frightened to do sth.害怕做某事

be frightened of(doing) sth.害怕(做)某事

frighten sb. to death把某人吓得要死

frighten sb. into doing sth.把某人吓得做某事

[误区警示]

frightening指事物本身具有使人害怕的性质，意为“令人害怕的”；frightened指人等“感到害怕的”，或表示被动“受到惊吓的”，作定语时，常用来修饰人的声音、表情等，如：a frightened boy受惊吓的小男孩，frightened look/expression害怕的表情，frightened eyes 惊恐的眼睛。

senior adj.级别（或地位）高的 n.较年长的人

[典型例句]

The first person who saw his article was a senior editor from his department.

第一个看到他这篇文章的人是他们部里的一位主编。

He Zhenliang is a senior member of Olympic Committee.

何振梁是一位资深的奥委会委员。

He is two years senior to me.

＝He is senior to me by two years.

他比我大两岁。

The seniors are planning to have a gathering.

这些毕业生正计划举行一次聚会。

[误区警示]

表示比某人年长要用to不能用than。

impression n.印象；感想

[典型例句]

I have the impression that we have met once before.

我隐约记得我们以前曾经见过面。

What I said made no impression on him.

我的话对他不起作用。

What's your impression of him?

你对他的印象如何？ (他给你的印象怎样？)

[思维拓展]

have an impression of sth./doing sth.that...对……有印象

make an impression on sb.给某人留下印象

make no impression on对……无影响/效果

impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的印象　vi.留下印象；引人注目

impressive adj.给人留下深刻印象的

impress sth. on/upon sb.使某人铭记某事物

impress sb.with sth.使某人铭记某事物

be impressed by/at/with对……印象深刻

awkward adj.令人尴尬的 ；难对付的

[典型例句]

You have put me in an awkward position.

你使得我狼狈不堪。

He asked such an awkward question that I felt embarrassed.

他问了这样一个不好回答的问题，我感到很尴尬。

junior adj.地位（或职位、级别）低下的 n.职位较低者；（体育运动会中）青少年

[典型例句]

He is three years junior to me.

他比我小三岁。

He held a junior position in the company.

他在这家公司担任低级职务。

She's four years his junior./She's his junior by four years. 她比他小四岁。

[思维拓展]

junior high school 初中

be junior to sb. 比某人小，比某人的地位(或级别、职位)低

be...year(s) one's junior＝be one's junior by...year(s) 比某人小……岁

[巧学妙记]

图记 junior 用法：

[误区警示]

比较时用 to 而不用 than 的短语：

be junior to sb. 比某人职位低/年龄小

be senior to sb. 比某人资历深/年长

be preferable to...比……更合适/好

be superior to...比……好/强

be inferior to...比……差/级别低

explore vt.vi.探索；勘探

[典型例句]

As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager to explore.

我们一来到岛上就急不可耐地开始探索。

The city is best explored on foot.

最好是徒步考察这个城市。

They explored the land to the south of the Murray river.

他们勘查了墨累河以南的地区。

[思维拓展]

exploration n．探测，勘探，探险；搜索，研究；[医]探查术

confident adj.自信的；有把握的

[典型例句]

As children grow older they become more confident.

随着年龄的增长，孩子们变得更自信。

She feels confident in winning the first prize in the English competition.

她对自己能在这次英语竞赛中获得一等奖充满信心。

He smiled at her as if to say “Be confident”．

他朝她笑了笑，好像在说“要自信”。

[思维拓展]

be confident in对……自信

confidence n．信心；信任

have confidence in(doing)sth.对……自信