现在分词作状语的用法、with复合结构等重点句型详解

现在分词作状语的用法、with复合结构等重点句型详解知识点包括现在分词作状语的用法、with复合结构、“It＋be＋adj.＋that/wh­引导的从句”句型、不定式作目的状语的用法、sb.be likely to do sth等部分，有关现在分词作状语的用法、with复合结构等重点句型详解的详情如下：

现在分词作状语的用法

Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all，offering something for each of the senses.

美丽的乡村让所有人兴奋和鼓舞，为每一种感官提供某种东西。

(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。offering something for each of the senses是现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语。

(2)现在分词作伴随状语时表示分词动作伴随谓语动作发生。

现在分词作状语的用法透视：

①现在分词可作时间、伴随、条件、方式、原因、结果等状语，其中作时间、条件、原因、结果状语时可转化成相应的状语从句，而作伴随和方式状语时只能转化成并列分句。如：

He is lying on the grass listening to music.

＝He is lying on the grass and he is listening to music.

他正躺在草地上，听着音乐。(伴随状语)

Walking in the street (＝When/While I was walking in the street), I saw him.

我走在街上时看到了他。(时间状语)

Being spring (＝As/Since it is spring), the flowers are in full bloom.

春天到了，百花盛开。(原因状语)

②现在分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致，且 doing 表示 do 与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系；being done 表示 do 与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系；若分词动作发生在谓语动作之前，则用完成式 having done；若表示被动和完成，则用 having been done。如：

Being surrounded, the enemy was forced to surrender.

敌人被包围了，被迫投降。

Having failed many times, he didn't lose heart.

尽管失败了很多次，但他没有灰心。

with复合结构

The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes，with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.

“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。

(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。使用了“主系表”句型结构。后面with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle是with的复合结构。

(2)with复合结构可作定语和状语，其具体形式如下：

with＋名词/代词＋

With so many books to read，I have no time to chat with you.

有这么多的书要读，我没时间跟你闲聊。(books与read之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，但不定式用主动形式表示被动意义)

Don't stand with your hands in your pockets.站着的时候不要把手插在口袋里。

With time going by，they became close friends.

随着时间的流逝，他们成了好朋友。

With the floor wet，I had to stay outside.

由于地板潮湿，我只得待在屋外。

With her sister out，she had to stay at home alone.

因为她的姐姐出去了，她只得独自待在家里。

They bought a house with many trees and flowers planted around last month.

上个月他们买了一座四周植满了树与鲜花的房子。

[巧学妙记]

with复合结构用法口诀

with结构并不难，with后面宾语连，

动宾关系用过分，主谓关系用现分，

将来要把不定跟，还有三种形副介。

“It＋be＋adj.＋that/wh­引导的从句”句型

With all this beauty，it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music，dancing，and dining.有了这一切，爱尔兰发展出包括音乐，舞蹈和餐饮在内的强大传统也就不足为奇了。

(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。it是形式主语，后面是that引导的主语从句，其中又包含了that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词traditions。

(2)“It＋be＋adj.＋that/wh­引导的从句”句型，其中 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是 that/wh­引导的从句。

It is certain that William will do very well in his exam.

威廉肯定会考得很好。

it 作形式主语的其他常见句型：

It always seems that we lack money.

我们似乎总是缺钱。

It is a pity that you missed the football match.

你错过了这场足球赛，太遗憾了！

It's useless taking this kind of medicine.

吃这种药没有用。

It is reported that 16 people were saved from the sea.

据报道有16个人被从海上救起。

It's necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.

对年轻人来说，掌握两门外语很有必要。

不定式作目的状语的用法

To have a chance of experiencing this，stop by a village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer.

想要拥有体验的机会，去乡村酒吧吧，喝杯当地的葡萄酒或啤酒放松一下。

(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。To have a chance of experiencing this是不定式短语作目的状语，后面是一个祈使句。

(2)不定式作目的状语的用法归纳：

①不定式所表示的动作通常发生在谓语动作之后，且不定式通常用一般式

②不定式的逻辑主语应与句子主语保持一致

③句子主语与构成不定式的动词为主谓关系时，不定式用主动形式，反之则用被动形式

④为表示强调可在不定式前加in order/so as，需要注意的是so as to不能位于句首

⑤不定式的否定形式：(in order/so as) not to do

→In order to/To win the scholarship，she studies hard.

→She studies hard (so as/in order) to win the scholarship.

为了拿到奖学金，她刻苦学习。

He tried to be a good child to be liked by his parents.

为了让父母喜欢，他努力做一个好孩子。

sb.be likely to do sth

And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face，you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first­hand.

如果你把自己介绍给一个友好的人，你更有可能直接体验当地的文化和习俗。

(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。if you introduce yourself to a friendly face是if引导的条件状语从句，后面是主句。

(2)sb.be likely to do sth.意为“某人很可能做某事”，相当于It is likely that...，其中likely为形容词。

She is likely to ring me tonight.＝It is likely that she will ring me tonight.

她今天晚上可能会给我打电话。