“主语＋be＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do”结构等重点句型详解

“主语＋be＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do”结构等重点句型详解知识点包括“主语＋be＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do”结构、当先行词是表示时间的名词时，定语从句的引导词的情况、have作使役动词时的常见结构、even if/though所引导的让步状语从句等部分，有关“主语＋be＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do”结构等重点句型详解的详情如下：

“主语＋be＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do”结构

Two years ago，I was told I had a serious disease which was difficult to cure.

两年前，我被告知患有一种很难治愈的严重疾病。

(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是I was told I had a serious disease，其中包含了I had a serious disease这个宾语从句；which was difficult to cure是which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词disease。

(2)which was difficult to cure 是“主语＋be＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do”结构。该结构的用法为：

①主语是不定式 to do 的逻辑宾语，所以 to do 后不能再接sth.，且 to do 用主动形式表示被动意义。如：

他是一个很容易被劝服的人。

[误]He is a person who is easy to be persuaded.

[正]He is a person who is easy to persuade.

②to do 中的动词若是不及物动词，则要加上相应的介词，若是及物动词则不需要。如：

这把椅子坐起来很舒服。

[误]The chair is comfortable to sit.

[正]The chair is comfortable to sit on.(sit 是不及物动词，sit on the chair)

③如果要指出不定式动作的发出者(即不定式的逻辑主语)，则在 to do 前加 for sb./sth.。如：

This kind of job is very easy for them to do.

这种工作对他们来说是很容易做的。

当先行词是表示时间的名词时，定语从句的引导词的情况

Have you ever faced a time when things looked dark and you had no hope at all？

你是否曾经面对过一段事情看起来很黑暗且根本没有希望的时期？

(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是Have you ever faced a time，when things looked dark and you had no hope at all是when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a time。

(2)when引导定语从句，先行词为a time。当先行词是表示时间的名词时，定语从句的引导词有两种情况：

 

Do you still remember the day when we worked together?

你还记得我们在一起工作的日子吗？(作状语)

Do you still remember the day (that/which) we spent together?

你还记得我们在一起度过的日子吗？(作宾语)

注意：做题时，不要一见到先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词就用when，where或why引导定语从句，而应看看引导词在定语从句中做什么成分。若作时间、地点或原因状语，用when，where或why；若作主语或宾语，就要考虑用that或which。

have作使役动词时的常见结构

The doctor wanted me to relax，so he had me listen to some music，and one of the songs was “Happy”.

医生想让我放松，所以他让我听一些音乐，其中一首名叫“快乐”。

(1)句式分析：句中had me listen中的had (have)是使役动词。

Our office would like to have you speak to the park visitors on July 28 at 11：00 am.

我们办公室希望你在7月28日上午11点给来公园的参观者做演讲。

(2)have作使役动词时的常见结构：

结构	意义
have sb. do sth.	让某人做某事
have sb./sth. doing sth.	让……持续做某事，让……一直处于某种状态
have sth. done	①让别人做某事；②遭受……；③使某事被做

I often have Tom buy me lunch.

我常常让汤姆给我买午饭。

He had his computer stolen the other day.

前几天他的电脑被偷了。

He had us laughing by telling jokes all through the meal.

在整个就餐过程中，他一直笑话不断，让我们笑个不停。

even if/though所引导的让步状语从句

To be a good daughter，I agreed to learn even though I wasn't interested in it at all.

为了成为一个好女儿，我同意学习，尽管我对它一点都不感兴趣。

(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。even though引导了让步状语从句。

(2)even if相当于even though，意为“即使，尽管”。even if/though所引导的让步状语从句可用现在时代替将来时。

Even if you take a taxi, you will still miss the train.

即使你乘出租车也赶不上这班火车了。

Even if we could afford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vacation.

即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。