不定式(短语)作后置定语等重点句型详解

不定式(短语)作后置定语等重点句型详解知识点包括would rather、不定式(短语)作后置定语、“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构、动词­ing 形式的完成式等部分，有关不定式(短语)作后置定语等重点句型详解的详情如下：

would rather

She responded,“I’d rather stay single to study all my life!”

她回答说：“我宁愿保持单身，终身学习！”

(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是She responded，后面的直接引语充当宾语从句。

(2)would rather意为“宁愿；宁可；还是……为好”。would rather＋从句，是一个常用的虚拟语气句型，谓语用一般过去时来表示现在或将来，意为“宁愿某人做某事”。引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。

John wants to see me today.But I would rather he came tomorrow.

约翰今天想来看我。但我宁愿他明天来。

不定式(短语)作后置定语

She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB­GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.

她立即成为第一个被聘为PUMC医院妇产科住院医师的女性。

(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。主语是She，became是系动词，the first woman是表语，不定式to be hired作后置定语，修饰woman。

(2)不定式(短语)作后置定语的情况：

①被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时；

②不定代词something，nothing，little等后常用不定式作定语；

③抽象名词time，way，reason，chance，ability，courage，opportunity，wish等后常用不定式作定语；

④被修饰词前有the only，the very，the next等词对其进行修饰时；

⑤表示将要发生的动作时(既有主动形式，又有被动形式)；

⑥there be句型中，作主语的名词后可接不定式作定语。

The next train to arrive is from Beijing.

下一趟到达的火车来自北京。

Get him something to eat.

给他拿点东西吃。

I have no courage to try again after failure.

失败后我没有勇气再去尝试一次。

She is the only woman to have been elected to such a post.

她是唯一一位当选这个职位的女性。

There is nothing to worry about.

没什么可担心的。

“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构

At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.

有时人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴到遥远的村庄给人看病。

(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。she是主语，was seen是谓语，riding a donkey是动词­ing形式作主语补足语。

(2)“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构：

常见的感官动词有 listen, watch, look, observe, see, hear, feel 等。“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构的常见形式：

He was seen to work in the garden yesterday.

昨天有人看见他在花园里干活了。

I heard someone opening the cabinet.

我听见有人在开柜子。

She is watching the computer being repaired.

她在看别人修电脑。

We felt the ground under our feet cave in.

我们感觉脚下的土地下陷了。

动词­ing 形式的完成式

Though Lin Qiaozhi never married，she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”，having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime.,

虽然林巧稚从未结婚，她却被称为“一万个孩子的妈妈”，一生中接生了5万多个孩子。

(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是she was known as the“mother of ten thousand babies”，前面是though引导的让步状语从句。having delivered...是动词­ing形式的完成形式，在句中作状语。

(2)动词­ing 形式的完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作，常用作状语，一般不能作后置定语，但可作非限制性的后置定语。

This question, having been discussed for more than 2 years, has now been solved.

讨论了两年多的这个问题现在已经解决了。(定语)

I was unable to accept your invitation, having promised to accompany my mother to the concert.

我因已答应陪我母亲去音乐会而不能接受你的邀请。(原因状语)

Having finished the letter, he folded it and put it into the envelope.

写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。(时间状语)