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what可引导的名词性从句等重点句型详解

知识点详情

what可引导的名词性从句等重点句型详解知识点包括what可引导的名词性从句、“花费”句型面面观、“with+宾语+宾补”结构、where 引导定语从句的用法等部分,有关what可引导的名词性从句等重点句型详解的详情如下:

what可引导的名词性从句

What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.

早先作为中国移民的住宅区的地方后来变成了中华文化的中心。

(1)句式分析:这是一个主从复合句。What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants是一个主语从句,整句话的谓语是turned into。

(2)what可引导的名词性从句有:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等,在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。what作“什么;……的东西”讲。如:

What caused the accident remains unknown.

是什么引发了这起事故还不知道。(引导主语从句,在从句中作主语)

This book will show you what should be known by good teachers.

这本书会告诉你优秀的教师应该了解什么。(引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语)

Our city isn't what it used to be.

我们的城市不再是原来的样子了。(引导表语从句,在从句中作表语)

[易混辨析]

what和that引导名词性从句的异同:

that引导名词性从句时不可省略(宾语从句除外)、不作成分、没有词义;what引导名词性从句时不可省略、作成分、有词义。

“花费”句型面面观

Visitors can also spend hours just exploring the interesting sightssmellsand sounds of China.

游客还可以花几个小时探索中国有趣的景色、气味和声音。

(1)句式分析:这是一个简单句。主语是Visitors,谓语是can spend,hours是宾语,使用了“spend+一段时间+(in) doing sth.”句型。

(2)“sb. spends+一段时间+(in) doing sth.”句型表示“某人花费一段时间做某事”。如:

They spent three months touring Europe.

他们花了三个月时间周游欧洲。

We spent hours studying the structure of leaves under the microscope.

我们花了好几个小时在显微镜下研究叶子的结构。

[思维拓展]

“花费”句型面面观:

“with+宾语+宾补”结构

It has a long and famous historywith the author Robert Louis Stevenson having spent much time writing there.

它有着悠久而著名的历史,作家罗伯特·路易·史蒂文森曾在那里花费许多时间写作。

(1)句式分析:这是一个简单句。It是句子的主语,has是谓语,a long and famous history是宾语,后面是with的复合结构在句中作状语。

(2)“with+宾语+宾补”结构。该结构可在句中作定语和状语(表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等)。其具体形式有:

①with+名词/代词+形容词/副词/介宾短语。如:

In summer,she usually sleeps with the windows open.

夏天,她通常开着窗户睡觉。(伴随状语)

Do you know the lady with a baby in her arms?

你认识那个抱小孩儿的女士吗?(定语)

②with+名词/代词+名词。如:

She died with her son yet a baby.

她去世了,儿子还在襁褓之中。(伴随状语)

③with+名词/代词+现在分词。现在分词表示动作正在进行。如:

He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky.

他躺在草地上,眼望天空。(伴随状语)

④with+名词/代词+过去分词。过去分词表示被动和动作已完成。如:

With his hair cut,he looked much younger.

由于理了发,他看起来年轻多了。(原因状语)

⑤with+名词/代词+不定式。不定式表示动作尚未发生。如:

With a lot of homework to do,I can't go skating with you.

因为有很多作业要做,我不能和你一起去滑冰。(原因状语)

She knew that with him to help her,she could succeed.

她知道,有他帮忙,她能够成功。(原因状语)

where 引导定语从句的用法

All kinds of traditional Chinese herbal medicine can be foundtooand there are Chinese tea storeswhere visitors can taste and buy varieties of Chinese tea.

也有各种各样的传统中草药,还有中国茶馆,游客可以在那里品尝和购买各种各样的中国茶。

(1)句式分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句是All kinds of traditional Chinese herbal medicine can be found,too,and there are Chinese tea stores,其中包含and连接的两个并列分句,where visitors can taste and buy varieties of Chinese tea是where引导的定语从句,修饰先行词stores。

(2)where 引导定语从句的用法聚焦:

This is the place where I was born.

这就是我出生的地方。

She has got to the point where she feels that she cannot take it any more.

她到了她觉得再也不能忍受的地步

典型例题
【第1题】  

单句语法填空

1.           struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.

2.He sat on the grass with his sheep           (eat) grass.

3.Students should involve themselves in community activities            they can gain experience for growth.

4.I spend about 50 pounds a month just            books.

5.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment            they live.

6.We live in a society            exchanging presents is an important part of communication.

7.With so many problems           (solve),he will have a hard time.

8.With a boy           (lead) the way,we found the place easily.

9.They sat together around the table,with the door            (close).

10.He stood there with his hand            his pocket.

11.He fell asleep with all the windows            (open).

12.It took me two hours            (do) the cleaning.

13.           he needed was a job.

14.Pluck up courage to do            you're afraid to do.

【第2题】  

单句语法填空

1.Watch out for the            (poison) snakes.

2.The young man lay on the sofa with his arms           (fold) and soon fell asleep.

3.Some children are likely to be naughty sometimes and it's difficult for them to settle down           their study.

4.These colorful crayons are not suitable            (use) in very hot weather.

5.Don't eat the foods           (contain) too much sugar and fat, which will make you put on weight easily.

6.How could you turn            such a good job when you have been out of work for months?

7.           made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients.

8.The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog            (follow) them.

9.Can you think out a situation            the word can be used?

10.China is not            she used to be.

11.Charlie spent much time and energy            (look) after his sick mother and his brother.

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