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动名词(短语)作主语的用法等重点句型详解

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动名词(短语)作主语的用法等重点句型详解知识点包括动名词(短语)作主语的用法、“make+宾语+宾补”结构、not only...but (also)等部分,有关动名词(短语)作主语的用法等重点句型详解的详情如下:

动名词(短语)作主语的用法

Before the mid­20th centurymost people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream.20世纪中期之前,大多数人都觉得去太空旅游是一个不可能实现的梦想。

(1)句式分析:这是一个复合句。主句的主语是most people,felt是谓语,后面是省略了引导词that的宾语从句。在宾语从句中,travelling into space是动名词作主语,was是系动词,an impossible dream是表语。

(2)动名词(短语)作主语的用法:

①直接放在句首作主语,谓语用单数形式

②用it作形式主语

③可以用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词作其逻辑主语

Watching films is my favorite pastime.

看电影是我最喜欢的休闲活动。

It is nice playing chess after supper.

晚饭后下象棋很愉快。

Rose's coming late makes the teacher very angry.

罗斯的迟到使老师很生气。

“make+宾语+宾补”结构

These disasters made everyone sad and disappointedbut the desire to explore the universe never died.这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望,但探索宇宙的渴望从未消失。

(1)句式分析:这是一个简单句。but连接两个并列的分句,在前一个分句中,These disasters是主语,made是谓语,everyone是宾语,sad and disappointed是形容词作宾语补足语;后面的分句中,主语是the desire,to explore the universe是不定式短语作后置定语,died是谓语。

(2)“make+宾语+宾补”结构。

该结构的具体形式:

①make+名词/代词+不带to的不定式。当该结构用于被动语态时,不定式符号to要还原。

②make+名词/代词+过去分词。该过去分词与宾语是动宾关系。

③make+名词/代词+形容词。表示“使某人或某物变得……”。

④make+名词/代词+名词。表示“使某人或某物成为……”。

⑤make it+宾补+不定式(真正的宾语)。it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式。

Every day my parents make me have an egg.=Every day I am made to have an egg by my parents.

我爸妈每天要我吃一个鸡蛋。

His actions made him universally respected.

他的行为使他广受尊敬。

We must make the room clean.

我们必须把房间打扫干净。

We made Tom monitor.

我们让汤姆当班长。

The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.

大雨使得我们无法出去。

[误区警示]

学习“make+宾语+宾补”结构需注意以下几点:

①能用过去分词作宾补,但不能用现在分词作宾补;

②宾补若是省略to的不定式,变为被动语态时不定式符号to则必须加上;

③如果宾补是表示独一无二的职位或头衔的名词,则名词前不用冠词。

not only...but (also)

Despite the difficultiesscientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe beganbut also help us survive well into the future.尽管困难重重,科学家希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙的起源,而且还能帮助我们在未来活得很好。

(1)句式分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是scientists,hope是谓语,后面是省略了连接词that的宾语从句。在宾语从句中使用了not only...but also...。

(2)not only...but (also)...表示“不但……而且……”。该结构用法说明:

①语法功能:连接平行结构——名词、代词、动词(短语)、非谓语动词、介宾短语、句子等

②主谓一致:它连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词与but (also)后的成分在人称和数上保持一致。有类似用法的词(组)还有or,either...or...,neither...nor...等

③倒装:not only...but (also)...连接并列分句,且not only位于句首时,not only所在的分句须部分倒装,but (also)所在的分句不倒装

Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.

不但学生们反对这个计划,老师也反对。

He not only read the book,but also remembered what he had read.

他不但读了这本书,而且记得所读的内容。

Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat.

太阳给我们提供光和热。

典型例题
【第1题】  

单句语法填空

1.          (kick) a wet football can hurt your foot if you are not careful.

2.The teacher raised his voice so that he could made himself           (hear).

3.Not only his parents but also his brother           (go) to the Summer Palace,they haven't been back yet.

4.Not only he but also I          (be) fond of playing the piano.

5.He made himself           (hear) by raising his voice.

6.This produced a chain reaction,which made           possible for life to develop.

7.It's no use           (lie) to me. I won't believe you.

【第2题】  

单句语法填空

1.She gave me a           (determine) look—the kind of look that said she would never change her mind.

2.When things go wrong, all of us naturally feel          (disappoint) and frustrated.

3.Hearing the           (disappoint) news, he was too sad to control himself.

4.Everyone has a desire           success, but not everyone desires to get rich.

5.Eventually your child will leave home to lead her own life as a fully          (dependent) adult.

6.I've got to go          my notes for tomorrow's exam.

7.Jack is the right person you can rely on to carry           the research when you are on vacation for the next two weeks.

8.          the hope of saving others some time, I am listing a few of the problems I found.

9.The government put up the price of cigarettes so as           (stop) people buying them.

10.Mastering the technology makes           possible for us to use the Internet more effectively.

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